儿童支气管异物回顾性分析

A retrospective analysis of foreign bodies in bronchus among children

目的回顾性分析156例儿童支气管异物病例,总结其诊疗体会。方法对本组患儿的性别、年龄、首诊症状、异物种类、影像学检查、治疗结果、患儿家长文化程度等多个因素进行统计分析,总结诊疗体会。结果男女患儿比例为2.8:1,2岁以下患儿占总数的66.0%,首诊主要症状为反复发生呼吸道感染者69.23%,坚果类异物最为常见(73.1%);影像学检查对诊断不具有特异性。结论异物吸入史是重要的诊断依据。如无此病史,肺部感染治疗无效或某一区域反复感染者应该考虑支气管异物的可能。提高家长对儿童意外伤害的预防知识是避免意外发生的关键所在。

Objective To sum up clinical experience with the diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in bronchus of children in a respective way.Methods A retrospective study was carried out among 156 children with foreign bodies in bronchus treated in our Hospital, with their clinical data analyzed carefully, including such parameters as gender, age, the first presenting symptom, type of foreign body, chest imaging features, outcomes of treatment, and cultural levels of their parents, in order to sum up our clinical experience with such a condition.Results In this group of children cases, the ratio of male to female was 2.8：1. with 103 （66.0%） being lower than 2 years old. The most commonly heard complain was repeatedly attacking respiratory infections （108 out of 156, 69.2%）, and such a type of foreign body as nuts was the most frequently found in this group of cases （114 out of 156, 73.1%）. Moreover, chest imaging showed no obvious specific significance for diagnosis of these children.Conclusions Ill history with foreign body inhalation is the most significant evidence for diagnosis of foreign body in bronchus. However, it should be considered as a case possibly with foreign body in bronchus for those children with an ill history of repeatedly attacking respiratory infections without other causes being able to explain such a condition. In addition, the key step may be elevating parents’ health information on accident prevention for their children to avoid foreign body in bronchus from occurring.