纤维素-壳聚糖-海藻酸盐复合膜组织工程皮肤的制备与表征

Preparation of Cellulose-Alginate-Chitosan Complex Films for Tissue Engineering Skin and Their Characteristics

目的为了筛选出适合用于组织工程皮肤的膜支架材料，采用不同来源的纤维素（木、棉、竹），与壳聚糖以及海藻酸钠等多糖为原料制备了多种复合膜，并表征了其理化性能。方法分别配制木、棉、竹纤维素溶液，海藻酸钠溶液和壳聚糖溶液，分别采用木、棉、竹3种纤维素溶液作为基底膜．然后依次流延一层壳聚糖膜和一层海藻酸钠膜，从而制得3种不同来源的纤维素-壳聚糖-海藻酸盐复合膜。应用荧光倒置显微镜观察3种复合膜的微观形态结构。将复合膜浸泡在生理盐水中，观察复合膜的形态变化来判定复合膜的盐水耐受性。运用接触角分析仪观察并测定不同复合膜与水的接触角的大小及其随时间的变化。结果在荧光倒置显微镜下观察到木纤维素复合膜中的纤维粗而短，棉纤维素复合膜中的纤维粗而长，竹纤维素复合膜中的纤维细而长且交错排列形成网状膜结构。通过将复合膜浸泡在生理盐水中观察到木纤维素复合膜和棉纤维素复合膜在第15天时出现了裂痕，而竹纤维素复合膜则没有。不同复合膜与水的接触角大小及其随时间的变化表明竹纤维素复合膜的亲水性较好。结论本研究制备了一种以壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、纤维素为原材料的复合膜组织工程皮肤。通过比较3种复合膜的理化性能，结果表明竹纤维基复合膜中的纤维之间容易形成互穿网状结构，所以结合较紧密，盐水耐受性好。

Objective To prepare a variety of complex films with alginate, chitosan, and cel- lulose of different origins in order to identify the optimal film for tissue engineering skin. Methods The sodium alginate, chitosan and cellulose （ cotton, wood and bamboo） solutions were prepared respectively. The complex films were prepared by using the cellulose （cotton, wood and bamboo） film as the basement, and then casting one layer of sodium alginate and another layer of chitosan on the basement in turn. Fluorescence inverted microscopy was used to observe the microstructures of the three kinds of complex films. The complex films were immersed in physiological saline and the morphology of the complex films was observed to examine the salt tolerance property. Contact angle analyzer was used to observe contact angles and their changes along with time in water to test their hydrophilic property. Results The microstructures of the three kinds of complex films under fluorescence inverted microscope illustrated that the interpenetrating network structure was firmed in the in the bamboo cellulose-based complex film with long and slim fiber, whereas cotton cellulose-based complex films had long and thick fiber, and wood cellulose-based complex film contained short and thick fibers. After complex films were immersed in physiological saline, it was observed that the bamboo cellulose-based film was still smooth and had no cracks within 15 days, whereas the wood cellulose-based film and cotton cellulose-based film developed cracks. The changes of contact angle with water in different complex films indicated that the hydrophilic property of bamboo cellulosebased film was the best. Conclusion A complex film was prepared by using chitosan, sodium alginate, and cellulose as raw materials. The bamboo cellulose-based complex film had good salt tolerance and hydrophilicity due to its interpenetrating network structure and it can be the optimal complex film for tissue engineering skin.