超声波制备低含油稳定原油乳化液的正交实验

Orthogonal Experiment for Preparation of Stable Crude Oil-in-water Emulsion with Low Oil by Ultrasound

为了利用超声波制备出稳定的低合油原油乳化液,选取乳化剂用量、超声功率、超声作用时间、乳化剂亲水亲油平衡（HLB）值4个影响因素,进行单因素实验和正交实验,筛选超声波制备低含油稳定原油乳化液的最佳条件.根据乳化剂用量单因素实验结果,确定最佳乳化剂用量为0.5％.通过超声功率、超声作用时间和HLB值3个因素的正交实验,进一步优化了制备稳定原油乳化液的条件.实验结果表明,对乳化效果影响大小的因素依次为超声作用时间、超声功率和乳化剂的HLB值;最佳乳化条件为超声功率400 W、超声作用时间10 min、HLB值6、乳化稍用量0.5％,在此最佳条件下可制备出含油率为1％～9％的稳定原油乳化液.

The single-factor and orthogonal experiments are carried out for the preparation of stable crude oil-in-water emulsion with low oil by ultrasound,and the effect of parameters such as emulsifier amount,irradiation power,irradiation time and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance （HLB） value on ultrasound emulsification is studied,then the best conditions to produce stable emulsions are ensured form experimental results.It is determined that the amount of emulsifier is 0.5 ％ by single-factor experiments.In order to obtain the optimal conditions that preparation of stable crude oil-in-water emulsion with low oil,three other factors are explored by orthogonal experiments,such as the ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance （HLB） value of emulsifier.Intuitive analysis and variance analysis of experimental results indicate：The effect levels of these factors successively are ultrasonic time,ultrasonic power and HLB of emulsifier.Furthermore,the optimal emulsification conditions obtained by the single-factor and orthogonal experiments are as follows：Ultrasonic power of 400 W,ultrasonic time of 10 minutes,HLB of 6 and the amount of emulsifier of 0.5％.The optimal emulsification conditions are proved to be reasonable by the verification experiment.The stable emulsion of low oil content which is between 1％ and 9％ can be prepared under the conditions.