土壤重金属潜在生态风险评价与污染特征分析

Potential Ecological Risk Evaluation and Analysis on the Characteristics of Heavy Metals Pollution in Soils

通过对广州市新塘镇土壤中8种重金属As、Hg、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cd、Pb、Cr污染现状的监测调查,应用潜在生态风险指数评价法、相关性分析、主成分分析研究了新塘、永宁、仙村三个片区表层土壤中重金属的污染状况。结果显示,各片区8种重金属含量变异系数普遍较高,重金属含量差别明显。As、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cd、Pb、Cr之间相关性显著,表明其来源相似。潜在生态风险评价指数计算结果表明,Hg、Cd为新塘镇土壤的主要污染因子,新塘片区重金属污染状况相对较重,仙村片区次之,永宁片区相对最好。

The heavy metals pollution conditions of soils of Xintang town, Guangzhou was mainly mouitored. Monitored heavy metals included As, Hg, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr. The current pollution situation of these metals in surface soils from Xintang, Yongning and Xiancun, which were three areas of Xintang town was studied by using The potential ecological risk index evaluation method, the correlation analysis and principal component analysis. It turned out that the variation coefficient of all eight heavy metals was high, and concentrations were significantly different in each studied area. Their concentrations were remarkable correlated among As, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr, which suggested they may have the same origin. The results calculated by using ecological risk index suggested that Hg and Cd were considered as a dominant pollution factor in the area, the pollution status of xintang area was the most serious, Xiancun area was the second, and Yongning area was relatively better than others.