自闭症谱系障碍儿童睡眠问题及影响因素

Sleep Disturbances in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Relevant Factors

为探索自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童睡眠问题特点及影响因素,使用一般资料问卷、儿童睡眠习惯问卷和一周睡眠记录,对185名3-17岁的ASD儿童进行测查。结果发现83.9%的ASD儿童存在睡眠问题;3~5岁组ASD儿童每天睡眠时长和午睡时长最多,12~17岁组最少;3~5岁组、6~11岁组和12~17岁组ASD儿童在睡眠阻抗上的得分有显著差异;与爱尔兰、美国、日本的ASD儿童在儿童睡眠习惯问卷（CSHQ）多个分量表上的得分有显著差异;儿童年龄和合睡情况对CSHQ总分预测显著。结果表明睡眠问题在ASD儿童中较为普遍,与儿童年龄、合睡情况及所处文化环境关系密切。因此,应当综合考虑相关因素,对ASD儿童睡眠问题进行常规性的评估与干预。

This study aims to probe into the sleep disturbances in children with autism spectrum disorders（ ASD）,as well as relevant factors,by testing 185 children with ASD aged between 3 and 17 with the Chinese version of Children’s Sleeping Habits Questionnaire（ CSHQ） and a set of one-week sleep records. The results show the following： 83. 9% of the children with ASD suffer from sleep disturbances; those aged 3-5 spend the longest hours on sleep during the whole day and the nap,while those aged 12- 17 have the shortest sleeping time; those aged 3- 5,6- 11,and 12- 17 score significantly differently in sleep residence; compared with those from Ireland,the US and Japan,these children score significantly differently according to the CSHQ; the age of the children and their sleep with their parents can help significantly predict the total score of the CSHQ.These results reveal that sleep disturbances are common in children with ASD,and are closely associated with the age of the children,their sleep with their parents,and their cultural environment. Therefore,it is important to conduct routine assessments and interventions based on related factors.