佛学“不二法门”与教学“因材施教”

“The Only Way to Practice”in Buddhism and“Individualized”in Teaching

从佛学"不二法门"的视角思考"因材施教"中所蕴含的智慧可以为教学方法的优化获得一些启发。"不二法门"可理解为认识、看清千差万别的事物所达到的一种万事万物皆可归一、一切平等的证悟或境界。孔子"因材施教"的思想自古至今对教育的发展起到重要而深远的影响,它承认与尊重个体差异,展现了一颗发现差异的智慧之心。不二法门与因材施教二者都尊重差异,都强调平等,都具有教育性,都属方法论范畴。

This paper centers on an analysis of the wisdom of the “invidualized teaching” and its implication for the optimization of teaching methods from the perspective of “the only way”in Buddhism .“The only way”can be understood as to recognize or see vastly different things to achieve an enlightenment or realm that everything can be classified to one , all are equal . Since ancient times , Confucius ’ s“individualized teaching” has important and far-reaching influence on the development of education . The recognition of and respect for individual differences embody “a heart of wisdom” which is good at discovering differences .“The only way” and“individualized teaching” both respect difference , emphasize the equality , and they both are of great educational significance and belong to the category of methodology . From the perspective of Buddhism , the implicatons of individualized teaching are ：application with no phase ;identification of differences in the interests of equality ;conversion of explicit rules into invisible principles .