承载围岩渗透率演化模型及数值分析

Permeability evolution model for loaded rock and numerical analysis

为反映承载围岩变形破坏过程中渗透率的变化,将岩石变形破坏过程视作弹-脆-塑过程,分析了岩石全程应力-应变-渗透率关系,建立岩石渗透率演化数学模型。模型中岩石单元的渗透率演化包括如下阶段:①岩石单元破坏前,渗透率为孔隙率的函数;②若岩石单元发生剪切破坏,假设岩石单元剪胀扩容在单元体内引起两条斜交裂隙;③若岩石单元发生拉破坏,体积膨胀在单元体内引起两条正交的裂隙。基于平行板的渗透率立方体定律计算破坏岩石单元的渗透率,进而建立了承载岩石弹性变形、脆性破坏全过程的岩石渗透率演化模型。在FLAC软件下利用Fish函数方法实现了该模型。数值算例研究了不同围压下加载立方体岩样的渗透率演化过程,结果表明:建立的模型可以较合理地反映承载岩石弹性变形和破坏引起的渗透率变化,也可以较合理地反映围压对岩石渗透率的影响。

To reflect the permeability change of loaded rock, the relationship between the permeability and stress-strain curve of rock was analyzed, and the process the deformation and failure of rock was supposed to be elastic, brittle and plastic. Based on the process the permeability evolution model for rock was presented. In this model the evolution of the permeability for the rock element include ： （1） The permeability can be expressed by porosity during elastic deforma- tion phase. （2） In the post-peak stage a shear failure rock element may be represented hydraulically as a unit of rock containing two oblique crossing conjugate fractures. （3） In the post-peak stage a tension failure rock element may be represented hydraulically as a unit of rock containing two orthogonal fractures. Then based on so-called cubic law between smooth parallel plates the permeability evolution model during dilation was presented. In the model the dilation effects of failed element on permeability was considered. Fish function method was adopted to implement the model in FLAC software. The permeability evolution process of a cubic loading rock sample under varied confined stress was simulated. The results show that the model can better reflect the permeability evolution due to elastic deformation or failure. Besides the effect of confined stress on permeability can also be better expressed.