炭砂双层滤料浮滤池工艺处理藻污染水库水的试验研究

Experimental research on treating reservoir water contaminated by algae using GAC-sand dual media filter flofilter

目前水库水源藻污染日益严重,传统沉淀固液分离工艺难以满足净水要求。以鹊山引黄水库高藻原水为研究对象,开发了炭砂双层滤料浮滤池,考察了浮滤池工艺运行特性及运行效果。试验表明,絮凝剂选用聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC),在投药量4.0 mg·L-1(以Al3+计),回流比8%,溶气压力0.4 MPa时,运行效果较优。炭层所含生物量约占滤料层总生物量的97.4%(最高值50.2 nmol P·g-1),是砂滤层(3.0 nmol P·g-1)的16.7倍,污染物的去除主要发生在活性炭层。试验期间,浮滤池工艺对颗粒物、蓝绿藻、浊度、CODMn、NPOC、UV254、氨氮的去除率分别达到96.48%、92.40%、92.56%、57.41%、51.60%、52.50%、75.67%,嗅味由4级降为0级,出水土臭素、二甲基异冰片含量均小于检出限,一氯二溴甲烷、三氯甲烷前体物的去除率分别达到55.1%和60%,表明浮滤池工艺对常规指标、藻类、嗅味物质、消毒副产物前体物去除效果显著。

The algae pollution of reservoir water is serious increasingly, the traditional process of sedimentation solid-liquid separation hardly meets the requirement of clearwater. GAC-sand-double-filtration flofilter was built to treat the high algae reservoir water derived from yellow river, and the running and operating characteristics of this flofilter were investigated. The experiment results showed that, the effect of running was excellent when polyaluminum ferric chloride（PAFC） dosage was 4.0 mg·L-1 （Al3＋）, air pressure 0.4 MPa, and reflux ratio 8%. Biomass of GAC and sand filter layer mainly existed in the carbon layer, which accounted for 97.4%（ the highest value was 50.2 nmol P·g-1）, and its biomass was 16.7 times of sand layer （3.0 nmol P·g-1）, so the removal of pollutants occured mainly in the carbon layer. During the test, removal efficiency of particulate matter, blue-green＆amp;nbsp;algae, turbidity, CODMn, NPOC, UV254, ammonia nitrogen reached 96.48%, 92.40%, 92.56%, 57.41%, 51.60%, 52.50%, 75.67% respectively. Odor reduced from 4 to 0. Contents of geosmin and methylisoborneol were both less than the detection limit. Removal efficiency of chloroform, chlorodibromomethane reached 60%and 55.1%. The results showed that, flofilter process had a great removal on conventional index,algae,odor substances and disinfection byproducts precursors.