带空腔压电智能板的减振降噪实验研究

An Experimental Study on Vibration and Noise Reduction of a Piezoelectric Smart Plate with Cavity

将汽车乘坐室简化为一封闭的矩形空腔,搭建了一个在作为矩形空腔的一个面的弹性智能板上装有压电分流阻尼装置的振动控制实验模型。针对弹性板第1阶模态,以压电元件存储电能最大化为目标,对压电元件粘贴位置进行了布局优化。为模拟车内噪声的不同来源和传播途径,分别进行了力锤、扬声器和激振器3种激励下压电分流阻尼的减振降噪实验。实验结果表明,通过压电分流阻尼控制后在1阶模态频率处的智能板频响函数幅值和空腔内声压幅值均有降低。本研究为车内低频噪声的控制提供了新方法。

The passenger compartment of a vehicle is simplified as a closed rectangular cavity,and an experimental model for vibration control is constructed,in which a piezoelectric shunt damping device is mounted on an elastic smart plate,as one face of the rectangular cavity.Aiming at the first-order mode with maximizing electrical energy induced in PZTs as objective,a layout optimization on the position of PZT on elastic place is performed.For simulating the different sources and transmission paths of interior noise,a vibration and noise reduction experiment with piezoelectric shunt damping is conducted under hammer,speaker,and shaker three types of excitation.The results show that with piezoelectric shunt damping,the amplitudes of both the frequency response of smart place and the sound pressure in cavity are reduced.The study provides a new way for reducing the interior low-frequency noise of vehicles.