城市16～20岁务工青少年心理社会能力及其影响因素分析

Psychosocial competence and the effect factors analysis among young migrants in cities

目的了解城市务工青少年心理社会能力状况,分析其影响因素,为有针对性地提高务工青少年的适应能力和心理健康状况提供依据。方法采用Rosenberg自尊量表、行为归因心理社会能力量表(简易版)和N-S内外控制源量表对北京、济南、广州、深圳四地共3 261名务工青少年的心理社会能力状况进行调查。结果务工青少年自尊、应对方式、内外控制源得分分别为(26.01±1.89)分、(7.86±2.47)分和(15.26±5.14)分。性别(OR=0.701)、文化程度(OR=1.344)、工作行业影响务工青少年的自尊水平;打工地点对务工青少年的应对方式有影响;而其心理控制能力与性别(OR=0.717)、文化程度(OR=0.618)、月收入(OR=0.862)、打工地点有关。结论城市务工青少年的心理社会适应能力明显不足,并受到多方面因素的影响,应采取针对性措施来提高务工青少年的心理社会能力。

Objective To assess the psychosocial competence among young migrants,analyze the effect factors,and to improve the adaptive ability and the health mental status of young migrants. Methods A total of 3 261young migrants were recruited as the study sample.Self-esteem,coping style,and locus of control among these youth were assessed. Results The respective scores of self-esteem,coping style and locus of control were（26.01±1.89）,（7.86±2.47）and（15.26 ±5.14）.Generally,sex（OR=0.701）,level of education（OR=1.344）and work industry had effects on self-esteem;different working environment affected young migrants＇ coping style;sex（OR=0.717）,monthly salary（OR=0.862）,level of education（OR=0.618）and different working environment influenced young migrants＇ locus of control. Conclusion Psychosocial competence of young migrants is not sufficient and affected by many factors.Correspondingly interfere measures should be taken to improve young migrants＇ psychosocial competence.