农村初中生主观幸福感与父母养育方式、社会支持及自尊的关系分析

Study on subjective well-being and its relations with parental rearing styles,social support and self-esteem in rural junior high students

目的探讨农村初中生主观幸福感现状及与父母养育方式、社会支持和自尊的关系。方法采用青少年主观幸福感量表、父母养育方式量表、社会支持量及自尊量表对济南市688名农村初中生进行了调查。结果农村初中生主观幸福感较高,自我满意度和生活环境满意度得分率分别为73.6%和70%,积极情感和消极情感的得分率分别为61.6%和34.6%。女生的生活环境满意度高于男生（t=-3.440,P=0.001）。自我满意度、生活环境满意度、积极情感及消极情感得分均具有年级差异（F=9.287-48.986,P=0.000）。父母的情感温暖理解、社会支持、自尊对主观幸福感具有积极影响,而母亲的拒绝否认,惩罚严厉和过干涉过保护对主观幸福感具有消极影响。结论农村初中生的主观幸福感水平较高,且与父母养育方式、社会支持和自尊相关。

Objective To investigate the present status of subjective well-being and it＇s relations with parental rearing styles,social support and self-esteem in rural junior high students. Methods A total of 688junior high students from Jinan countryside were assessed with Subjective Well-being Scale for Adolescent,Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran Scale,Social Support Scale and Self-esteem Scale. Results The subjective well-being of the rural students was comparatively high.The score rate of self satisfaction and life environment satisfaction was 73.6%and 70%respectively,and that of positive emotion and negative emotion was 61.6%and 34.6%respectively.The environment satisfaction of girls was significantly higher than that of boys（t=-3.440,P=0.001）.Significant differences of subjective well-being were also found among grades（F=9.287-48.986,P=0.000）.Parental warmth and understanding,social support and self-esteem showed significantly positive influence on subjective well-being,while mother＇s refusal,rejection,punishment,over protection and over intervention showed negative influence on it. Conclusion The subjective well-being of rural junior high students is at a comparatively high level and relates with parental rearing styles,social support and self-esteem.