刑事诉讼证据真实性的理性辨思——以新刑事诉讼法为背景的探讨

Rational Thinking on the Evidence Authenticity in Criminal Procedure ——On the Background of the New Criminal Procedure Law

2012年的新刑事诉讼法出台,证据概念被重新界定,传统"事实说"被"材料说"所取代。新定义下的证据虽然是材料,需要查证属实方能作为定案根据,但真实性仍然是不可抛却的证据属性。从反思何家弘教授早前关于对证据真实性要求的批评,到从认识论与盖然确定的角度分析"真实",我们从动态的、时间推演的角度来使用一种实践理性层面的证据真实性。这种实践理性的真实性要求亦有实体法层面的规定与之相呼应,理论上亦为"可信性"提供借鉴。

Since the new criminal procedure law was enacted in 2012,the concept of evidence was redefined. The traditional ＂ theory of fact＂ was replaced by the ＂ theory of material＂. Based on the new definition,evidence must be verified before being used in the lawsuit and the authenticity is still the essential property of evidence. Recalling the criticism about evidence authenticity by Prof. He Jiahong and analyzing the ＂ truth＂ from the perspective of and moral certainty,we put forward a practical and rational of evidence authenticity which is deduced from a dynamic and time perspective. And this definition requires the relevant regulation of substantial law,and can provide reference for credibility in theory.