对开放数据新态势的观察与思考

Observation and View on the Trend of Open Data

数据已被视为一种重要的战略资源,是全球经济中新的资本要素。开放数据可给世界各国带来巨大的经济效益,催生大量新企业的诞生,并有助于新产品和新服务的创造,推动一些科技领域飞速发展。美国在开放数据方面走在世界最前列,奥巴马政府出重拳推动开放数据以促进创新创业和经济增长,并将科研数据开放视为数据政策和重要组成部分。我国应进一步控掘开放数据对于创新创业及经济增长的推动作用,充分认识开放数据有助于进一步推动企业成为创新主体,同时要注重开放数据的制度化。

Data are regarded as an important strategic resource and a new capital element in the global economy. The open data can bring huge economic beneifts to the world by spawning many new start-ups, and lead to the creation of new products and services. The United States has led the way in the development of open data. Obama administration has made heavy-handed efforts to promote the open data, and considers the opening of scientiifc data as essential parts of its data policies. This paper examines the trend of open data, analyzes the potential impacts of open data on science and technology, economy and the society, and highlights the open data policies of the United States.