美军伪冒电子元器件问题现状及对策

Issue of Counterfeit Electronic Component in the United States and Its Countermeasures

伪冒电子元器件大量进入美军武器装备系统,严重危害美国装备建设和国家安全,引起美国国会、国防部等多部门的高度关注。在美国,伪冒电子元器件大幅增多,致使装备的可靠性降低,加大了装备研制的时间成本和经济成本,并严重威胁网络空间安全。伪冒电子元器件在美国国防供应链中泛滥的主要原因是国防部门监管不力、措施不足。为应对伪冒电子元器件问题,美国政府和军方采取了一系列防范措施,如,制定防止伪冒电子元器件法律条款,开展反伪冒电子元器件技术研发,加大对制售伪冒电子元器件人员的处罚力度等。美国从法律、管理等层面对伪冒电子元器件所采取的应对措施,值得我们参考和借鉴。

Counterfeit electronic components have lfushed into the U.S. military weapon equipment systems in great quantities, causing serious damage to the weapon construction and national security, and drew heightened concern of the U.S. congress, the department of Defense （DoD）, the Department of Homeland Security （DHS） and so on. This paper studied the concept and scope of counterfeit electronic components, as well as their influence on weapon systems and cyberspace security in the U.S., analyzed the main reasons why counterfeit electronic components invaded the defense supply chain, and generalized a series of preventing measures taken by＆amp;nbsp;the U.S. government and military, such as establishing legal system to guard against counterfeit electronic components, supporting technologies of anti-counterfeit electronic components, imposing punishment to offenders involved in manufacturing counterfeit electronic components, which is worthwhile to be shared by Chinese counterparts.