计划生育手术与异位妊娠发病相关因素探讨

Study on related factors of ectopic pregnancy and family planning operation

目的探讨计划生育手术与异位妊娠发病的相关性,为临床实践提供参考。方法选择2008年1月至2012年12月在合江县计划生育服务站诊治的有计划生育手术史的妊娠妇女120例作为观察组,其中83例有人工流产史,22例有带环史,15例有输卵管结扎史。同时选择无计划生育手术史的妊娠妇女120例作为对照组,对两组临床资料进行对比分析。结果观察组120例妊娠中,99例发生异位妊娠,异位妊娠发生率达82.50%;对照组120例妊娠患者中,21例发生异位妊娠,异位妊娠发生率达17.50%。两组异位妊娠发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论计划生育手术是导致异位妊娠发病的危险因素,妇科医生要提高宫内节育器放置技术,在施行人工流产术时,要规范操作,积极预防术后感染;加强对育龄期妇女的生殖健康教育,选择有效的避孕措施,减少意外妊娠,尽量避免或减少人工流产,从而降低异位妊娠的发病率。

Objective To discuss the relationship between incidence of ectopic pregnancy and family planning surgery, in order to provide references for clinical practice. Methods A total of 120 pregnancy patients with previous family planning operations,who were treated in Hejiang County Family-Planning Service Station from January 2008 to December 2012,were selected as observation group,in which 83 cases had history of artificial abortion,22 cases with history of intrauterine contraceptive device and 15 cases had a history of tubal ligation. Simultaneously,other 120 pregnancy patients without previous family planning operation were taken as control group. The clinical data of the two groups were comparatively analyzed. Results Among the 120 pregnancy patients in observation group,ectopic gestation occurred in 99 cases accounting for 82.50%;while among the 120 pregnancy patients in observation group,ectopic gestation occurred in 21 cases accounting for 17.50%. The incidence rate of ectopic pregnancy in patients with family planning operation was obviously higher than that without family planning operation, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Family planning operations are risk factors leading to ectopic pregnancy, it is necessary for the gynaecologists to improve the deposited technique of intrauterine device,standardize the operation when the artificial abortion operation was implemented,and prevent postoperative infection actively. The women of childbearing age should be strengthened on reproductive health education to select effective contraceptives,reduce unplanned pregnancy and avoid or decrease artificial abortion,sequentially to reduce the incidence rate of ectopic pregnancy.