深圳市年轻外来劳务工挫折应对调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the coping styles to frustration among the young migrant workers in Shenzhen

目的了解年轻劳务工应对挫折的方式,评估90后外来劳务工的心理状况并分析影响因素,为开展针对性心理卫生工作提供科学依据。方法整群抽样,对盐田区几家大型工厂的90后外来劳务工发放简易应对方式问卷,回收后进行描述性统计分析、t检验及方差分析等。结果该测评中,90后外来劳务工的积极应对、消极应对方式分与常模比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。深圳市90后外来劳务工的简易应对方式的积极应对因子分的均值为1.85(SD=0.44),高于常模平均分;消极应对因子分的均值为1.14(SD=0.52),低于常模平均分;说明深圳市盐田区90后外来劳务工的应对方式处于较好的状态;积极应对因子中有159人属于异常状态,检出率为25.9%;消极应对因子中有238人属于异常状态,检出率为38.8%(238/614)。说明本测验有一部分人员存在心理卫生问题。不同年龄以及不同文化程度的应对因子检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);在积极应对因子的维度上,在学历变量上比较,差异有统计学意义(F=4.015,P<0.05);在消极应对因子的维度上,在性别变量上比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深圳市盐田区90后劳务工的应对方式处于较好的状态,但也有部分劳务工消极应对方式倾向明显,容易产生心理卫生问题。性别和学历对应对方式影响较大。

Objective To understand the coping styles to frustration of young migrant workers,evaluate the mental status of post-90s generation migrant workers and analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide scientific basis for the implementation of pertinence mental health work. Methods Cluster sampling was adopted to post-90s generation migrant workers in large factories in Yantian district by simplified coping style questionnaire,descriptive analysis,t-test and variance analysis were conducted after the recovery of questionnaires. Results Comparing with the norm,the positive and negative coping styles to frustra tion of post-90s migrants workers had statistical significant difference（P〈0.01）. The average score of positive response factor of simplified coping styles of post-90s generation migrant workers in Shenzhen was 1.85（SD=0.44）,which was higher than that of the norm;the average score of the negative response factor was 1.14（SD=0.52）,which was lower than that of the norm,and the results showed that the coping styles of post-90s generation migrant workers in Yantian district of Shenzhen were in good status. 159 cases from positive response factors were in abnormal condition with the detection rate of 25.9%;238 cases from negative response factors were in abnormal condition with the detection rate of 38.8%（238/614）,which demonstrated that some participants in this study had mental health problems. The comparison of response factors detection rate between different ages and education levels had statistically significant difference（P〈0.001）. The comparison on the dimensionality of positive factors and variance of education background had statistically significant difference（F=4.015,P〈0.05）;the difference on dimensionality of negative factors and variance of gender was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Although the coping styles of the post-90s generation migrant workers in Yantian district of Shenzhen are in good condition,some workers still have obvious tendency to negative coping style, which will lead to mental health problems. Gender and education background have great influence on coping styles.