多次波正演与SRME技术影响因素分析及应用

The analysis and application of multiple wave forward modeling and the influencing factors of SRME technology

针对深水采集的地震数据包含严重的多次波,多次波与有效波互相叠合使得地震剖面的同相轴难以区分和追踪解释的情况,采用实际资料的层位,建立三维地质模型并用实际的导航数据正演模拟野外放炮施工,由于正演模拟的数据层位较少,可针对性地分析三维SRME技术预测多次波模型的影响因素,如空间采样、扩展半径等,然后应用于实际地震数据的SRME处理,比较二维SRME与三维SRME的应用效果,验证了三维SRME比二维SRME能更有效地衰减多次波。

Heavy multiple waves in marine seismic exploration interfered by primary waves can＇t be fully attenuated, and these multiple waves make the seismic profile too illegible and also makes it difficult to easily interpret and trace the horizon. In view of such a situa-tion, multiple wave forward modeling by simulating field operation on the given velocity horizon model was created. As there were only a few horizons in the mocked layer model, some factors such as sample in pace and extended radius that affected precise prediction of multiple wave model were analyzed and discussed. After that, reasonable processing parameters were optimized and applied to the real seismic data. The final results demonstrate that 3D SRME （ Surface Related Multiple Elimination） , which is better than 2D SRME, is capable of effectively suppressing multiple waves.