衢州市高三学生结核病防治知识行为及需求情况

Investigation on the knowledge,behavior and demand of tuberculosis prevention and control among grade three students in Quzhou

目的了解衢州市高三学生结核病防治知识、行为及需求情况,为探索学校结核病防治健康教育及健康促进策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对衢州市6所高中(4所城市高中、2所农村高中)的1 036名高三学生进行结核病防治知识、行为及需求调查。结果衢州市高三学生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为39.28%,其中男生(35.32%)低于女生(44.21%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);城市学生对结核病就诊地点、免费政策、能否治愈的知晓率高于农村学校,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);在"咳嗽、咳痰≥2周及时就诊"、"就诊地点为定点医院"、"不随地吐痰"等方面的行为形成率,城市学校学生均高于农村学校学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);在结核病防治知识的需求途径比较中,需求强烈程度从高到低依次为"知识讲座"(61.98%)、"宣传材料"(40.34%)、"网络"(30.49%)、"电视广播"(20.86%)、"报刊杂志"(15.16%)、"朋友交流"(14.74%),城市和农村学校学生差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论衢州市高三学生结核病防治知识总知晓率及行为形成率均较低,且农村学校学生明显低于城市学校学生;但对结核病知识的需求强烈。应根据中学生的特点开展有效的宣传方式,加强农村学校的宣传工作。

Objective To understand the knowledge,behavior and demand of tuberculosis（ TB） prevention and control among senior 3 students in Quzhou as scientific basis of health education and health promotion strategies for TB prevention and control. Methods Cluster random sampling method was applied to select 1 036 senior 3 students from 6 high schools（ 4 schools in urban area and 2 in rural area） in Quzhou. All the students were surveyed about their knowledge,behavior and demand related to TB prevention and control. Results The awareness rate of the core knowledge on TB prevention among senior 3 students was 39. 28%. The rate for female student（ 44. 21%） was higher than that for male students（ 35. 32%） and the difference was statistically significant（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）. Students from urban schools had higher awareness rate of the knowledge of TB treatment sites,free policy,and whether the disease could be cured or not than students from rural schools,the difference was statistically significant（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）. Students from urban schools also had higher behavior formation rate on ＂ see the doctor timely when cough over two weeks＂, ＂ see the doctor in designated hospitals＂ and ＂ do not spit everywhere＂ than students from rural schools,the difference was statistically significant（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）. The most preferred approaches to get TB prevention and control knowledge for students were lectures,promotional materials,internet,television and broadcast,newspaper,and friends exchange in turn. There were no significant difference between students from different area. Conclusion The awareness rate and behavior formation rate of TB prevention and control among senior 3 students in Quzhou are relatively low while these rates for students from rural schools are significantly lower than that of students from urban schools. Advocacy work need to be designed based on the characteristic of high school students and the work in rural schools should be reinforced in particular.