河南省中学生孤独感现况及其与心理健康关系分析

Loneliness among middle school students in Henan and its relation with mental health

目的了解河南省中学生孤独感现况及其与心理健康的关系,为中学生心理问题干预提供线索。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法在河南省7个省辖市和7个县抽取中学生21 870名,使用中国中学生心理健康量表(MMHI-60)进行现场问卷调查,并由中学生自我报告是否有孤独感及其程度。结果河南省中学生中无孤独感的占38.1%,有轻度孤独感者占33.4%,中度占14.8%,较重占8.0%,严重占5.7%。不同性别、学校类型、学段、是否住宿、是否长期与父母一起生活、学习成绩对中学生孤独感均有影响,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。中学生孤独感程度与其心理健康量表得分呈正相关(rs=0.596,P<0.05)。结论孤独感在中学生中普遍存在,中学生孤独感与心理健康状况密切相关。可以从减轻中学生孤独感入手提高其心理健康水平。

Objective To explore relations between loneliness and mental health among middle school students. Methods A total of 21 870 middle school students were selected from 7 cities in Henan province by stratified cluster sampling. All the participants were investigated with questions regarding loneliness and Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Students（ MMHI-60）. Results The detection rates of different degree of loneliness among middle school students were 33. 4%,14. 8%,8. 0% and 5. 7% respectively（ from mild to serious）. Prevalence of loneliness differed among different types of school,study stages and gender（ P ＆lt; 0. 05）. Boarding,family structure and academic achievements could all influence feelings of loneliness. There were positive correlations between degree of loneliness and score of MMHI-60（ rs= 0. 596,P ＆lt; 0. 05）. Conclusion Loneliness is universal among middle school students,and it might play an important role in mental health.