高体质量指数大学生低有氧适能训练对主观幸福感的影响

Effect of low aerobic exercise on subjective well-being in college students with high body mass index:A controlled trial

目的探讨高体质量指数(BMI),低有氧适能大学生参与承诺约束训练对主观幸福感的影响,为指导学生建立科学合理的锻炼计划提供参考。方法对山东理工大学54名身体质量指数>24 kg/m2的大学生进行有计划并在承诺约束下的有氧运动和抗阻力量训练。在训练前和训练4,8,12周后,分别测试力量、BMI及有氧适能指标,采用大学生总体幸福感量表(GWB)进行主观幸福感测量。结果训练8周或12周后,男、女生BMI、Vo2max及台阶试验指数与训练前比较均有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。训练12周后,男、女生主观幸福感的精力、对生活的兴趣与满足、愉快(或忧郁)的心境、松弛与焦虑(紧张)等因子得分及主观幸福感总分与训练前差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。BMI与主观幸福感的对健康的忧虑与担心因子呈正相关,与精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、愉快(或忧郁)的心境、松弛与焦虑(紧张)等因子呈负相关;Vo2max及台阶试验指数分别与对健康的忧虑与担心之外的其他因子呈正相关。结论大学生高BMI的降低和低有氧适能的提高能增强主观幸福感。

Objective To determine if a single bout of low aerobic exercise would improve subjective well-being in college students who had high body mass index（ BMI）. Methods A total of 54 college students whose BMI higher than 24 kg / m2were prescribed low aerobic exercise and strength training against resistance. Strength,BMI,aerobic fitness indicators and general wellbeing were measured and compared before training and 4,8 12 weeks after training. Results After 8 or 12 weeks of training, BMI,Vo2max and step test performance improved significantly for the male and female students compared with baseline. After 12 weeks of training,the general well-being score and dimensional scores in positive well-being,anxiety,depression and vitality were improved significantly. BMI was positively correlated with health concerns and negatively correlated with vitality,positive well-being and interest to life,depression and anxiety. Vo2max and step test performance positively correlated with subjective well-being except health concerns. Conclusion Low aerobic exercise might improve subjective well-being through helping reduce body fat.