浙江省2004—2012年学校食物中毒事件分析

Analysis of food poisoning events in Zhejiang schools,2004-2012

目的分析浙江省学校食物中毒发生规律和特点,为促进校园食品安全工作提供依据。方法对2004—2012年全国突发公共卫生事件网络报告中浙江省各类学校食物中毒发生起数、中毒人数、发生时间、致病因素等进行统计分析。结果 2004—2012年突发公共卫生网络报告各类学校食物中毒事件66起,发病人数1 514名,无死亡病例。食物中毒多发生在二、三、四季度。66起食物中毒事件中学占51.15%,大中专院校占16.67%,小学占13.64%,幼托机构占12.12%,其他学校占6.06%。发病场所以学校食堂为主,占75.76%,其次为校外流动摊贩、点心店和快餐店,占10.61%;食物中毒致病因素以细菌性食物中毒为主,占57.58%,其次为有毒动植物,占15.15%。结论应加大对学校食堂、校外流动摊贩、校外点心店和快餐店、学校小卖部监管,以及对学校食堂从业人员、教师和学生的宣传教育。

Objective To study the epidemic regularity and characteristics of food poisoning in Zhejiang schools from 2004 to 2012,and to provide basis for preventive measures of food safety in school. Methods Analysis was conducted on the incidence data of food poisoning reported in schools through the public health emergency surveillance system in Zhejiang from 2004 to 2012. Results A total of 66 food poisoning events in schools were reported in Zhejiang from 2004 to 2012. A total of 1 514 students and teachers were involved,no people were dead. Most food poisoning events occurred in 2nd,3rd and 4th quarter. The proportions of food poisoning occurred in primary schools and secondary schools,colleges,infant institutes,and other schools were 65. 15%, 16. 67%,12. 12% and 6. 06%. About 75. 76% of food poisoning happened in canteens,10. 61% in mobile vendors and snack shops near the schools. Bacteria（ 54. 5%）,and plant（ 15. 15%） were main factors resulted in food poisoning. Conclusion Supervision should be implemented according to different epidemiological characteristics in canteens,mobile vendors,snack shops near the schools,and commissary in the schools. Propaganda and education should be strengthened to dining room staffs,teachers and students.