2Stephen C.Ehrmann . Emerging Models of Online Collaborative learning[J] . journal of AECT, 2001, (1)
3Dowling,C . Social interaction and the construction of knowledge in computer-mediated environment[A] . In: D.M Watson & T.Downes(Eds.) . Communications and networking in education: Learning in a networked society[C] . Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers,2000 . 165-173
4Ravitz,J AN ISD Model for Building Online Communities:Furthering the Dialogue [A]. Proceedings of 1997 National Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology[C].New Mexico,Albuquerque, 1997.14-18.
5Russell, M Online Learning Communities: Implications for Adult Learning [J].Adult Learning Technology, 1999, (2):28-31.
7Woods R & Ebersole, S Using Non-subject-matter-specific Discussion Boards to Build Connectedness in Online Learning [J].The American Journal of Distance Education,2003,(2):99-118.
8Chidambram, L and Bostrom, R P Group Development (1): A Review and Synthesis of Developmental Models[J]. Group decision and Negotiation, 1997, (6) :159-187.
9Haythronthwaite, C A Social Network Study of the Growth of Community among Distance Learners [J]. Information Research,1998, (1):24.
10Hiltz, S R. Collaborative Learning in Asynchronous Learning Networks: Building Learning Communities[A]. Proceedings of WebNet 98 World Conference of the WWW,lnternet, and Intranet[C].Florida,Orlando, 1998.8-8.