宪法实施的范畴演绎及路径选择

Interpretation of Category and Path Selection of the Implementation of Constitution

"宪法司法化"范畴的出现给学界带来激烈的争论。一方认为,宪法司法化无疑将丰富我国宪法理论,扩大宪法解释,推动宪法实施;另一方认为,宪法司法化与我国的基本制度即人民代表大会制度相冲突。文章认为,要明确对宪法司法化的二元理解。宪法司法化是在宪法实施之下的范畴,它可以分为违宪审查和宪法私法化两个层面。确认宪法司法化是我国宪法实施的必由之路。我们应当遵循宪法司法化的本土内涵,由全国人民代表大会常务委员会及最高人民法院来分别行使宪法司法化中的违宪审查制度和宪法私法化即宪法诉讼职能。

The occurrence of ＂constitutional judicature＂has brought heated debate in the academic circles. One view is that constitutional judicature will undoubtedly enrich the theory of our constitution,expanded interpretation of the constitution,and promote the implementation of the constitution. The other view is that constitutional judicature is in conflict with our basic system,people＇s congress system. The article holds that we must be clear on the duality understanding of constitution judicature. Constitutional judicature is in the scope of the constitution and can be divided into constitutional review and constitutional private law. Confirmation of constitutional judicature is the only way for the implementation of the constitution in China. We should follow the local connotation of constitutional judicature; the Standing Committee of the National People＇s Congress and the Supreme People＇s Court respectively carry out the constitutional review system of constitutional judicature and the function of constitutional private law（ constitutional litigation）.