珠江口与大亚湾海域腹泻性贝毒污染状况分析

Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning pollution in shellfish collected from the Pearl River estuary and Daya Bay

于2008年7月至2009年5月间,在珠江口与大亚湾海域设16个采样点,每季度采样1次,共采集了19个贝类品种139份样品,用小白鼠生物测定法进行腹泻性贝毒测定.结果显示,大亚湾春季的毒素阳性检出率最大,高达69.2%,珠江口仅为36%;就毒素超标率而言,大亚湾秋季最高,为66.7%,珠江口冬季最高,为36.8%;而夏季样品阳性检出率和超标率均最低,大亚湾阳性检出率和超标率分别为44.4%和22.2%,珠江口为7.7%和3.8%.对样品毒力值而言,毒力值为0.05 Mu/g的样品,两个区域各个季节都有检出,大亚湾冬季和春季样品检出率最大,均为38.5%,珠江口冬季最大,为26.3%;毒力值为0.1 Mu/g时,大亚湾在秋季和春季检出,分别为8.3%和15.4%;珠江口在秋季和冬季有检出,分别为4.7%和10.5%.采自大亚湾样品的最大毒力值在秋季,高达0.2Mu/g,珠江口则未检出.贝类对DSP的积累存在种间差异,泥蚶,褶牡蛎的阳性检出率和超标率相对较高,其他较低.

Inordertounderstandthedistributionpatternofdiarrheticshellfishpoisoning（DSP）in the Pearl River estuary and Daya bay,totally 1 41 samples of 1 9 shellfishes were sampled from 1 6 sam-pling sites from July 2008 to May 2009 .The toxins were determined with the mouse bioassay and results showed that the highest positive rate of Daya Bay was in spring,which up to 69.2%.By contrast,the highest positive rate of the Pearl River estuary was in winter with the rate of 69.2%.The over-standard rate of Daya bay was highest in autumn with the rate of 66.7%,by contrast,samples from the Pearl Riv-er estuary had the highest over-standard rate of 36.8%in winter.In summer,both positive rate and over-standard rate of the Pearl River estuary and Daya Bay were the lowest.Positive rate and over-standard＆amp;nbsp;rate of Daya bay were 44.4%and 22.2%,respectively.Positive rate and over-standard rate of the Pearl River estuary were 7.7%and 3.8%,respectively.Samples with toxicity of 0.05 Mu/g were detected in both the Pearl River estuary and Daya bay in each quarter.Samples collected from Daya bay in spring and winter both had the highest rate of 38.5%,and the Pearl River estuary in winter had the highest rate of 26.3%.Sample with toxicity of 0.1 Mu/g was detected in Daya bay in autumn and spring with detec-ted rate of 8.3% and 1 5.4%,respectively.4.7% and 1 0.5% of the samples collected from the Pearl River estuary in autumn and winter also had the toxicity of 0.1 Mu/g.25%of the samples collected from Daya Bay in autumn had the toxicity of 0.2 Mu/g.No sample with toxicity of 0.2 Mu/g was detected in the Pearl River estuary.Accumulation of DSP had interspecific differences in shellfish.Positive rate and over-standard rate of Tegillarca granosa and Ostrea plicatula were relatively higher than the other shell-fishes species.