中国本土和外资企业出口技术复杂度的差异及影响因素分析

The Difference of Export Technology Complexity between Domestic and Foreign-funded Enterprises and Influencing Factors Analysis

长期以来,统计意义上日益增长的贸易规模及高技术产品出口,掩盖了我国企业尤其本土企业产品出口低技术含量的事实。运用相关方法,特别区分中国本土和外资企业出口技术复杂度的差异并分析其影响因素,发现:总体上,外资企业产品的出口技术复杂度一直都高于本土企业,并且两者的差距在逐渐加大;技术含量上产品出口的技术复杂度比较,高技术HT类产品出口外资高于本土,低技术LT类产品出口本土高于外资;贸易方式上产品出口的技术复杂度比较,外资高于本土;不同地区上产品出口的技术复杂度比较,绝大多数省市外资高于本土,同时东部高于中西部。它清楚地表明了我国企业尤其本土企业产业升级和优化贸易结构的紧迫性。

For such a long time, ever-increasing trade size and sophisticated technology export in terms of statistics have covered the fact that Chinese enterprises, especially domestic enterprises, have the exports with lower technology. Based on related methods, researching the difference of ex- port technology complexity between domestic and foreign-funded enterprises and the influencing factors, the study shows： on the whole, foreign-funded enterprises＇ export technology complexity is higher than domestic enterprises and the gap is becoming larger gradually. Foreign-funded enterprises＇ sophisticated HT products exports are higher than domestic ones, while domestic enterprises＂ LT products exports are higher than foreign-funded ones. In terms of trade mode, foreign--funded enterprises＂ products enjoy higher technology complexity. In terms of regional difference, eastern area is higher than Midwest. It clearly shows that our domestic enterprises have the urgent mission to realize industrial upgrading and trade mode optimization.