论有限担保责任公司——有限责任公司股东有限担保责任

On Corporation of Limited Obligation under Bond——Shareholders of limited liability companies limitedly undertake obligation under bond

依现行法律 ,有限责任公司股东仅以出资额为限对公司承担责任 ,公司以其全部资产对公司债务承担责任。但这一制度的最大弊端就是对债权人保护不足 ,股东滥用公司人格损害债权人利益。我国不少学者主张采纳西方发达国家的公司法人资格否定制度。但是 ,笔者认为 ,由于我国司法不公、地方保护现象相当普遍和严重 ,公司法人格否认适用的条件、标准不具体 ,法官自由裁量空间很大 ,极易造成法官的主观臆断和司法擅权 ,此项制度将同样会被滥用。因此 ,公司法人格否认制度并不适合于我国。公司法人格制度自身存在法律漏洞 ,无法对公司股东形成一种完全有效的约束机制 ,是公司法人格被滥用的根本原因。解决此问题的根本之道还在于从立法上堵塞漏洞 ,与其事后救济 ,不如预先规制。笔者结合我国国情 ,提出了有限担保责任公司 ,即股东在一定的条件下对公司债务承担有限担保责任。

According to current law,shareholders of limited liability companies undertake the responsibility for the companies only in the limitation of the amount of fund giving and the company undertake the responsibility for company's debts on the basis of its total property.However,the biggest defects of this system is that the protection towards the claimant is not enough and that shareholders abuse companies'moral quality to damage the claimant's benefits.Many scholars in our country advocate that western advanced countries' system of corporation aggregate competence negation should be adopted.But the writer thinks that this system can also be abused because of our country's judicial unfairness,the popularity and seriousness of local protection phenomenon,the unparticularity of the application and standards of corporation aggregate competence negation.It is also because of the wideness of judge's discretion scope which can easily cause the judge's subjective assumption and making judicial judges on his own authority.Therefore,corporation aggregate competence negation system is unfit for our country.The very self of corporation law moral quality system has legal flaws and cannot form a totally effective restriction mechanism for company's shareholders.These are basic reasons why corporation law moral quality is abused.The basic way to solve the problem is to plug the holes in legislation.It would rather regulate in advance than relieve afterwards.Connecting with our country's conditions,the writer puts forward the idea of limited obligations under bond corporation,i.e.,shareholders undertake limited obligations under bond for corporation's debts under certain condition.