小学教师心理健康社会支持及心理需求状况调查

Surveys of mental health, social support and psychological needs in primary school teachers

目的：了解小学教师的心理健康、社会支持及心理需求状况。方法对120名教师采用症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表及心理服务需求问卷进行测评分析。结果小学教师症状自评量表评分除人际关系敏感因子外，总均分及各因子分均显著高于国内常模（P＜0．01）；总均分、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子分与社会支持评定量表对社会支持的利用度维度分呈显著负相关（ P＜0．05或0．01），精神病性因子分与社会支持评定量表总分呈显著负相关（ P＜0．05）。本组62．5％的教师需要心理卫生服务，53．3％的教师希望获得孩子教育方面的服务。结论小学教师的心理健康水平较低，对社会支持的利用度与心理健康水平显著相关，相关部门应注重教师的心理健康问题，予以有针对性地心理干预。

Objective To survey mental health ,social support and psychological needs in primary school teachers .Methods Assessments were conducted using the Symptom Checklist （SCL-90） ,Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Psychological Need Questionnaire （PNQ） in 120 primary school teachers .Results Except interpersonal sensitivity their total average score and other factor score of the SCL-90 were signifi-cantly higher than national norm （P〈0 .01）;the SCL-90 total average score ,interpersonal sensitivity ,de-pression ,anxiety ,hostility ,paranoia and psychotic score were negatively related to social support availa-bility of the SSRS notably （P〈0 .05 or 0 .01） ,so was the psychotic to the SSRS total score （P〈0 .05） . 62 .5 percent of the teachers needed mental health service and 53 .3% hope to get children education serv-ices .Conclusion Mental health levels of primary school teachers are lower ,social support availability is notably related to mental health levels ,their mental health problems should be emphasized ,and to them purposeful mental intervention be given .