后苏联小说中关于苏联的饥饿叙事

The Hunger Narrative about Soviet Union in Post-Soviet Novels

在后苏联小说中,重述苏联故事、重构苏联形象成为作家们青睐的主题。作品用或长或短的篇幅来呈现作家关于苏联的个体化的记忆感知与生命想象。此类小说在呈现苏联过往时往往借助于对个体的琐碎、凡庸、焦虑的日常生活的描绘。在这种碎片式的苏联记忆的展示中,食不果腹的肉体饥饿与居无定所的躯体饥饿以前所未有的真切感展现出来:饥寒交迫、无处安身的"饥饿"境遇如梦魇般长期困扰着普通民众,考验着个体的存在。后苏联小说作家们试图通过关于苏联的饥饿叙事来反思苏联时期在个体身上留下的创伤记忆,进而为个体的肉体与精神找寻安身之地。

Retelling the Soviet Union stories,reconstructing the image of Soviet Union in the Post-Soviet novels of Russia becomes writers'favorite subject.The works express the writers'individuated perception and imagination concerning life of the Soviet Union.These novels mainly tend to follow the tradition of Russian literature:caring for little men,caring for individuals.They focus on the trivial,the commonplace and everyday anxieties of the individual and splice the fragments to form the image of the Soviet Union.Individual hunger is revealed unprecedentedly:hunger,homelessness,which,like longstanding nightmares,are still haunting common people,challenging individual existence.By reflecting on the traumatic memories that the Soviet Union has left behind for the individuals with these hunger narratives,the PostSoviet writers try to seek shelter for individual body and mind.