西方文论关键词 文化批评

Cultural Criticism

本文将文化批评作为当代西方文论的关键词进行了梳理,涉及其源流、主旨及实践方式。由于文本是历史进程中的产物,受制于技术、观念、惯例和传播方式等外部确定性要素,因此在呈现其美学特质的同时,也在不同程度上内涵了观念指向和文化政治寓意。文化批评以跨学科的方式试图改变仅对文本内部构成性要素进行分析和阐释的传统,将其与文本环境、生产体制和观念形态作为动态的关联方式加以了结合。文化批评的介入不仅动摇了传统的文本中心地位,而且确立了文学批评与社会学及文化学相融合的研究范式。但对此舶来的话语形态,中国学界有必要超越译介阶段,直面问题的不同类型,探求其可能性,从而在揭示问题和理论再生产两个方面提供洞察力。

This paper focuses on Cultural Criticism as one of the key words in literary theory and criticism by tracing its origin,the purposes as well as approaches in practice.Text is a product within historical phases.Therefore it is determined by exterior factors such as technology,conception,convention and way of communication involved.To a certain extent,the underlying conception and cultural politics are implied in such a criticism when presenting the textual aesthetics.With the interdisciplinary approaches cultural criticism emphasizes the text medium,institution,and concepts rather than the analysis of the constituent factors within the text proper.As a result,the paradigm of cultural criticism associated with both sociological and cultural perspectives has impacted upon the traditional text-centered paradigm in literary studies.For such a traveled mode of theoretic discourse,the author holds,however,that the Chinese academia,facing different situational issues,should provide the possible insight in the theoretical reproduction and questioning mode beyond translation and introduction.