陆地棉品质性状配合力分析

Combing Ability Analysis of Qualities Characters of Upland Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)

[目的]对4个陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)品种及其正反交杂交组合进行配合力和遗传参数估计。[方法]4个陆地棉品种分别为BD18、R16、光子、中43,按完全双列杂交配组12个正反交组合,分别为BD18×R16、BD18×光子、BD18×中43、R16×BD18、R16×光子、R16×中43、光子×BD18、光子×R16、光子×中43、中43×BD18、中43×R16、中43×光子。采用随机区组设计,株行距配置(30.0cm+55.0 cm+30.0 cm)×12.5 cm。[结果]R16、中43亲本为改良品质性状的骨干亲本,BD18×光子、光子×R16可作为改良品质性状的强优势组合。强度、平均长度主要以加性遗传为主,而伸长率是由基因显性效应控制,整齐度、上半部平均长度由基因的加性效应和显性效应共同控制;同时所有纤维品质性状均受到环境条件较大的影响。[结论]该研究可为高产优质陆地棉新品种的选育提供科学指导。

[Objective] The aim was to estimate the combing ability and genetic parameters of four upland cotton cultivars and their reciprocal cross combinations.[Method] The four upland cotton cultivars were BD18,R16,Photon,Zhong43,resp.,the complete dual cross were used to combine twelve reciprocal combinations,which were BD18 × R16,BD18 × photon,BD18 × zhong43,R16 × BD18,R16 × photon,R16 × zhong43,photon × BD18,photon × R16,photon × zhong43,zhong43 × BD18,zhong43 × R16,zhong43 × photon,resp..The randomized block design was used,and the settings of plants spacing and row spacing was （30.0 cm ＋ 55.0 cm ＋ 30.0 crm） × 12.5 cm.[Result] R16 and Zhong43 were backbone parents of modifying the quality characters,BD18 × photon and photon × R16 could be used as the superior combinations of modifying the quality characters.The strength and the average length were mainly controlled by additive effect,while the elongation was controlled by dominance gene effect,the uniformity,the average length of upper half was controlled by both additive effect and dominance gene effect; all fiber quality characters were influenced by environmental conditions largely at the same time.[Conclusion] The study provides a scientific guidance for breeding of high yield and good quality upland cotton.