4120例抗肿瘤药品不良反应分析

Analysis of 4120 Reports of Adverse Drug Reaction Induced by Antitumor Drugs

目的了解抗肿瘤药品不良反应发生的特点和规律,探讨骨髓抑制发生的特点及影响因素,为临床合理应用抗肿瘤药物,预防或减少不良反应的产生提供参考依据。方法对2012年度我省4 120例抗肿瘤药品不良反应报告进行回顾性分析。结果 4 120例抗肿瘤药物的不良反应报告中,铂类、植物来源抗肿瘤药物及其衍生物、其他抗肿瘤药及辅助治疗药物报告数较多。消化系统是发生不良反应累及最多的系统,其次是血液系统、皮肤及其附件。血液系统损害以骨髓抑制为主,骨髓抑制报告数最多的药品是顺铂,其次是多西他赛、吉西他滨、紫杉醇等。结论应加强抗肿瘤药品不良反应监测,重视骨髓抑制产生的危害,促进合理用药,预防或减少不良反应的发生。

Objective To study regularities and characteristics of adverse drug reaction（ADR） induced by the antitumor drugs, analyze characteristics and influence factors of the bone marrow depression induced by antitumor drugs, and provide references for the clinical rational use of antitumor drugs, so as to prevent or reduce the ADRs. Methods 4 120 reports of ADR induced by antitumor drugs in 2012 in our province were retrospectively analyzed. Results In the 4 120 ADR reports of antitumor drugs, the number of ADR report was higher in platinum, plant sources of antitumor drug and its derivatives, other antitumor drugs and adjuvant therapy drugs. The digestive system was the most adverse reactions involving system, followed by the blood system, skin and its accessory. Damage in the blood system was mainly caused by bone marrow suppression. In the bone marrow suppression induced by antitumor drugs, cisplatin resulted in the highest incidence of bone marrow suppression, followed by docetaxel, gemcitabine, paclitaxel, etc. Conclusion We should strengthen the monitoring of adverse events of antitumor drugs, pay more attention to the damage caused by bone marrow suppression, promote rational drug use, and prevent or reduce the incidence of ADRs.