黄花苜蓿野生种群遗传多样性的初步研究

Study on Genetic Diversity of Wild Populations of Medicago falcata.

对来自我国不同地区的黄花苜蓿野生种群的种子千粒重、发芽率及贮藏蛋白进行了初步研究。结果表明 ,黄花苜蓿野生种群内和种群间均存在着较大的变异 ,种子千粒重在 1.0 98～2 .0 12g之间 ,其中二倍体黄花苜蓿种子千粒重最低 ,仅为 1.0 98g ,是四倍体黄花苜蓿种子平均千粒重的 6 2 .0 1% ;种子发芽率也十分不整齐 ,种皮不经磨擦的自然发芽率十分低 ,从 0～ 4 0 %不等 ,平均发芽率仅为 16 .9% ,二倍体种子的自然发芽率为 0 ;种子贮藏蛋白SDS凝胶电泳亦显示出其具有多态性 ,平均多态位点百分比为 37.9% ,基因多样性为 0 .30 6 6 ,种群分化系数为 0 .2 2 57。

The study on seeds of different popuations from Medicago falcata was carried out in respects as follows: (1) Seed weight per 1000 grains was very light, varied from 1.098g to 2.012g, in which the diploid was the most light (1.098g); (2) Natural germination percentage was very low, varied from 0 to 40%, in which the diploid was the most low; (3) Storage protein was polymorphic, the mean rate of polymorphic locus, gene diversity and Gst was 37.9, 0.3066, 0.2257, respectively. Comparied with alfalfa ( M. sativa ) landraces, there were higher genetic diversity within and among M. falcata populations.