不同遗传背景矮败小麦的性状表现

Studies on Dwarf Male-sterile Wheat with Different Genetic Back- ground

以 9种遗传背景的矮败小麦近等基因系为材料 ,研究了矮秆不育株的株高、抽穗期、开花期、每株穗数、穗长、每穗小穗数和异交结实率。结果表明 ,不仅矮秆不育株与高秆可育株的株高存在显著差异 ,而且不同遗传背景的矮秆不育株的株高也程度不同的存在差异 ;矮秆不育株比高秆可育株的抽穗期平均晚 2天 ,而开花期平均晚 1天左右 ;在同样遗传背景下 ,矮秆不育株与高秆可育株的穗长、每穗小穗数没有实质性差异 ,每株穗数受环境影响较大 ,但 9种基因型的平均值接近 ;不同遗传背景的矮秆不育株的异交结实率差异明显 ,平均值为 38%。

Dwarf male sterile plants in isogenic lines of wheat with 9 different backgrounds were studied on their plant height, ear emergence, flowering, final ear counts. of each plant, spike length, spikelet counts. per spike and inter cross seed setting. The results indicated that, plant height difference not only were found to be distinct between dwarf male sterile plant and non dwarf fertile plant, but also were detected varying in measure among dwarf male sterile plants with different backgrounds. Evenly, ear emergence of dwarf male sterile plants were 2 days late than that of non dwarf fertile plants and flowering of the former were 1 days late than the latter. Under same background, no genuine difference of spike length and spikelet per spike were found between dwarf malesterile plant and non dwarf fertile plant; final ear counts. per plant were more sensitive to environment, however, the values of mean were close among 9 genetic backgrounds. The inter cross seed set rates were obviously different among dwarf male sterile plants with different background, the average was calculated to be 38%.