不同杀虫药剂对水稻“两迁”害虫田间药效研究

Control efficacy of different pesticides on rice brown planthopper and rice leaf roller in the field

针对褐飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟（“两迁”害虫）化学防治药剂缺乏的现状,2013年对新烟碱类、三嗪酮类、几丁质合成抑制剂类、氨基甲酸酯类等6种杀虫药剂对褐飞虱以及双酰胺类、大环内酯类、缩氨基脲类、有机磷类等9种药剂对稻纵卷叶螟进行田间防治效果评价.结果表明,施药后5d和10 d,氟啶虫胺腈、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪、吡蚜酮对褐飞虱的防效分别为77.9％～90.9％和77.0％～90.5％,异丙威和噻嗪酮防效分别为40.1％～65.9％和20.6％～49.9％,氟啶虫胺腈、呋虫胺、吡蚜酮与异丙威、噻嗪酮防效差异显著.施药后14 d,茚虫威、四氯虫酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氰氟虫腙防治稻纵卷叶螟的保叶效果都在80％以上,甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐为71.3％,溴氰虫酰胺、稻散·毒死蜱、丙溴磷保叶效果为62.2％～69.9％,茚虫威、四氯虫酰胺与丙溴磷差异显著;茚虫威、四氯虫酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氰氟虫腙、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、丙溴磷、稻散·毒死蜱杀虫效果都在90％以上,与溴氰虫酰胺防效61.9％差异显著.建议在实践中,可轮换使用噻虫嗪、吡蚜酮、呋虫胺、氟啶虫胺腈防治褐飞虱,轮换使用双酰胺类、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、茚虫威、氰氟虫腙、有机磷类防治稻纵卷叶螟.

Owing to the lack of the insecticides for controlling the brown planthopper and rice leaf roller,control efficacy of 6 kinds of insecticides including neonicotinoids,triazinones,chitin synthesis inhibitors,carbamates on rice brown planthopper and 9 kinds of insecticides including diamides,macrolides,semicarbazone,organic phosphorus on rice leaf roller were investigated in the field in 2013.The results indicated that control efficacies at 5th day and 10th day after treatment by sulfoxaflor,dinotefuran,thiamethoxam,pymetrozine on brown planthopper were 77.9%-90.9% and 77.0%-90.5%,respectively,significantly higher than those of isoprocarb and buprofezin（40.1%-65.9% and 20.6%-49.9%）.At 14th day after treatment by indoxacarb,silvchongxianan,flubendiamide,chlorantraniliprole and metaflumizone on leaf roller,over 80% rice leaves could be kept healthy,71.3%by emamectin benzoate,and 62.2 %-69.9 % by cyantraniliprole,phenthoate · chlorpyrifos,profenofos,respectively.There were significant differences between the effects of indoxacarb,silvchongxianan and profenofos on leaf protection.The mortalities of rice leaf roller treated by indoxacarb,silvchongxianan,flubendiamide,chlorantraniliprole,metaflumizone,emamectin benzoate,phenthoate · chlorpyrifos and profenofos were over 90%,significantly higher than that by cyantraniliprole （61.9 %）.The results suggest that the rational application of Sulfoxaflor,dinotefuran,thiamethoxam or pymetrozine could be recommended for the brown planthopper control,and the rational application of diamides,indoxacarb,metaflumizone,emamectin benzoate or organic phosphorus could be recommended for the rice leaf roller control.