6种杀螨剂对黄瓜新小绥螨和朱砂叶螨的选择毒力评价

Evaluation of the selective toxicity of six acaricides to Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Neoseiulus cucumeris

采用叶片残毒法测定了6种田间常用杀螨剂对黄瓜新小绥螨[Neoseiulus cucumeris(Oudemans)]和朱砂叶螨[Tetranychus cinnabarinus(Boisduval)]的毒力,并分析了这几种杀螨剂对这两种螨的选择毒力。结果表明:供试6种杀螨剂中甲氰菊酯与高效氟氯氰菊酯对黄瓜新小绥螨具有较强的毒力,对其成螨的LC50值分别为8.7和6.7mg/L,且在对两种螨的毒力选择上表现为负向选择性,因此在释放黄瓜新小绥螨协同防治害螨时,需慎重选择使用。6种杀螨剂对两种螨的选择毒力大小依次为:哒螨灵>阿维菌素>炔螨特>毒死蜱>高效氟氯氰菊酯>甲氰菊酯,且哒螨灵对黄瓜新小绥螨的毒力最低,对其成螨的LC50值达到了593.7mg/L,而阿维菌素对黄瓜新小绥螨成螨的LC50值为90.2mg/L,对朱砂叶螨成螨的LC50值为17.8mg/L。哒螨灵和阿维菌素具有较高的正向选择性,表明这两种杀螨剂在利用黄瓜新小绥螨及化学药剂协同防治朱砂叶螨中具有重要的应用价值。

Toxicities of 6 acaricides commonly used in the fields to Neoseiulus cucumeris and Tetranychus cinnabarinus were detected with leaf-residue method and their selective toxicities were analyzed.The results showed that beta-cyfluthrin and fenpropathrin were highly toxic to N.cucumeris with the LC50 value of 8.7 and 6.7 mg/L,respectively.Their negative selective toxicity to the two species suggested that the two acaricides should be used carefully while N.cucumeris was released for biological control.Selective toxicities of the 6 acaricides to T.cinnabarinus and N.cucumeris were ranked as follows：pyridaben 〉 abamectin 〉 propargite 〉 chlorpyrifos 〉 beta-cyfluthrin 〉 fenpropathrin.Pyridaben showed the lowest toxicity to N.cucumeris with the LC50 value of 593.7 mg/L.The LC50values of abamectin to N.cucumneris and T.cinnabarinus were 90.2 mg/L and 17.8 mg/ L,respectively.Pyridaben and abamectin showed highly positive selective toxicity to T.cinnabarinus as well as low toxicity to N.cucumeris,indicating that they had great potential in coordinating biological control with N.cucumeris and chemical control on T.cinnabarinus.