过滤分离技术在能源、水及环境领域的应用及发展

Filtration and separation development and its applications in energy,water and environmental industries

19世纪末到20世纪的工业革命期间,随着电力、石油、汽车等工业的发展,人类对能源的使用和消耗以指数速度迅速增长。能源开采、生产及使用等行为导致全球气候变暖、资源匮乏,人类的健康和生存受到威胁。保护环境、节省资源、开发新能源便成为现代工业发展以及人类生产生活的核心,而提高效率、减少污染,再生、再利用及持续性发展则成为发展的主要驱动力。过滤分离作为一种低能耗技术过程,近年来其应用领域在能源、资源及环境方面得到深广的发展,而其自身产品技术则同时得到日新月异的发展。其发展趋势体现在高能效、低能耗、自动、连续、更高的分离精度,更广的温度压力适用范围,更长的使用寿命以及更低的对环境的影响。本文围绕环境、资源、能源等方面现在及未来的应用需求,重点介绍欧美近年来过滤分离在如页岩天然气开采中的采出水处理,生物柴油、生物甲烷等可再生能源,水处理,工业废气、汽车尾气及室内空气过滤等方面的新技术新产品,以及传统过滤分离技术的新应用,并对过程计算模拟的发展应用及过滤分离基础理论研究状况做了简略介绍。

Industrial revolution from late 19th to 20th century , accompanying with the rapid development of electricity,oil refinery and automobile industry,led to exponential increase of human energy demand and consumption. Coal,oil and gas exploration,production and other related activities led to depletion of natural resources,global warming,and threat to human health and living conditions. Protecting the environment,preserving the natural resources,developing new and unconventional energy have been essential for the world energy development. High energy efficiencies,low pollution emissions along with the reduce,reuse,recycle and sustainable concepts have been a trend and driving force for development of all areas of industries and technology. Filtration and separation technology has become one of the most important high-efficient,low-emission technologies in recent years. This paper introduces new filtration and separation products and technologies in US and Europe,with a focus on their applications in environment,water,coal,oil and gas industries. Advances in underlying theory and computational fluid dynamic（CFD）for filtration and separation process simulation and product design were also discussed.