肺炎支原体感染患者流行病学及药物使用分析

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection Epidemiology and Analysis of Drug Use

目的：研究肺炎支原体感染者流行病学及抗菌药物的使用情况。方法：检测1120份笔者所在医院临床疑似肺炎支原体感染者的血清抗体，记录临床资料，评价阳性者抗菌药物疗效。结果：125份（11.1％）肺炎支原体抗体阳性。女性患者阳性率高于男性，差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.142，P〈0.05）。肺炎支原体抗体阳性率最高季节在第4季度（10~12月）；抗体阳性率最高年龄段位于5~9岁，儿科为肺炎支原体抗体阳性率主要标本来源。随访57例患者中，药物使用率按由多到少顺序为大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、头孢类、其余药物。随访3个月，观察患者疗效，治愈26例（45.6％），好转30例（52.6％），1例（1.7％）无作用。结论：肺炎支原体阳性感染患者的血清流行病学具有一定规律，女性多高于男性，于第四季度高发，儿科是感染的主要人群。应当根据相应实验室检测结果给患者用药，提高临床疗效。

Objective：To study the mycoplasma pneumoniae infection epidemiology and the use of antibiotics.Method：1120 parts of serum antibody were detected which were suspected mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in clinical.To record the general clinical data,and evaluate the positive effect of antibiotic. Result：125 parts（11.1%） of mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody positive.The positive rate of patients was higher in females than in males,the difference was statistically significant（χ2=8.142,P〈0.05）.The highest season of mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody positive rate was in the fourth quarter（October to December）, the antibody positive rate was highest in age group 5 to 9 years old,pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia antibody positive rate of main source of specimen.57 cases were followed up,drug use rates were arranged by the order of Macrolides,Quinolones,Cephalosporins,other drugs.Follow up of 3 months,26 cases were cured（45.6%）,improved in 30 cases（52.6%）,1 case（1.7%） had worse curative effect.Conclusion：Serum epidemiological positive infections in patients with mycoplasma pneumonia with a certain regularity,more female than male,in the fourth quarter of high,pediatrics is the main infections.It should be based on the laboratory test results to the patient,to improve the clinical efficacy.