颗粒阻尼吸振器试验研究

The experimental study on dynamic properties of tuned particle damper

结合动力吸振器的工作原理,将颗粒阻尼器弹性支承于主结构上组成颗粒阻尼吸振器。颗粒阻尼吸振器旨在解决两个问题:(1)为传统动力吸振器提供较大阻尼抑制共振峰而不影响其吸振性能;(2)微小振动加速度(小于1g)或振动惯性力无法克服颗粒间的静摩擦力时传统颗粒阻尼器的失效问题。对安装了颗粒阻尼吸振器的悬臂梁结构进行了动力学特性试验,与同等条件下刚性支承颗粒阻尼器以及传统动力吸振器进行了比较,试验结果表明颗粒阻尼吸振器达到了预期的设计效果,很好地弥补了颗粒阻尼在微振动环境下的不足。此外,颗粒阻尼吸振器的阻尼仅取决于吸振器质量的加速度,与主从质量之间的相对速度无关,故大阻尼对其吸振性能不产生任何影响,可以按照传统的无阻尼动力吸振器进行参数设计。

Aiming at solving the ineffectiveness of conventional Particle Damper （PD） at a vibration acceleration less than the acceleration of gravity （lg）, this paper introduces a new particle damper - Tuned Particle Damper （TPD） which is literally a flexibly supported PD attached to the master structure. An experimental study on dynamic properties of a cantilever with a TPD and conventional PD is carried out to validate the TPD＇s advantages over the conventional PD. From the comparison between the experimental results of TPD and PD, it can be concluded that if the vibration acceleration of the master structure is less than lg, the TPD can reduce the vibration level of the master structure as a vibration absorber and also provide useful damping because of the damperrs acceleration is amplified as a vibration absorber. Moreover, TPD also has a better performance than the conventional PD at the vibration acceleration level greater than lg. In addition, the TPD＇s particle damping does not depend on the relative velocity between the master structure and the absorber, but on the acceleration of the absorber only, so the heavy particle damping will not affect the TPD＇s performance as an vibration absorber.