优秀投掷运动员核心力量等速肌力测试研究

Research on isokinetic muscle test of core strength of outstanding throwing athletes

目的:分析浙江师范大学投掷训练队优秀运动员腰背肌的生物力学特征,探讨投掷运动员的成绩与腰背屈伸肌群力量的关系,为投掷训练和易受伤部位的预防提供理论依据。方法:利用德国Isomed2000等速肌力测试系统进行核心力量等速肌力测试,测试严格按照Isomed2000等速测试系统使用手册的要求进行操作。结果:优秀投掷运动员腰背屈伸肌群等速向心收缩峰力矩随测试速度(30°/s^180°/s)的增加大体呈递减趋势,且随着角速度的增大,优秀投掷运动员的腰背屈伸肌群等速向心收缩峰力矩下降幅度(斜率K:伸-0.884小于屈-0.655)比普通人(K:伸-0.275小于屈-0.035)小,且优秀投掷运动员伸肌最大峰力矩的下降幅度要比屈肌小;在角速度为30°/s到120°/s时,最大功率随着给定角速度的增大而增大,在180°/s时又有所减小;腰背屈伸肌群峰力矩的角度在30°/s到180°/s时伸肌55.5°~58°大于屈肌的54.5°~56.25°,随着角速度的增大,大体呈上升趋势,在30°/s时峰力矩角度最小。

Purpose：By analyzing biomechanical characteristics of low back muscle of throwing training team＇s excellent athletes in Zhejiang Normal University, we analyses the relationship between throwing athlete＇s performance and muscle strength of low back flexion and extension, and provide a theoretical basis for the ease of injuring prevention in throwing training site. Methods： Conducted isokinetic muscle strength test on core strength using Germany Isomed2000 isokinetic strength testing system, and operated testing system in strict accordance with the requirements of Isomed 2000 manual.Results： For elite throwers, isokinetic concentric contraction peak torque of their low back flexion and extension muscle generally has a decreasing trend with the test speed （30°/s^180°/s） increasing, and the decline margin of isokinetic concentric contraction peak torque of their low back flexion and extension muscle （slope K： extension-0.884 less than flexion-0.655） is less than the ordinary people （slope K： extension-0.275 less than flexion-0.035） with the increase of the angular velocity, and the decline margin of extensor muscle maximum peak torque is smaller than that of flexor muscle for elite throwers. When the angular velocity is 30°/s to 120°/s, the maximum power increases with the given angular velocity increasing, but it reduced at 180~/s. When the angular velocity of the peak torque of their low back flexion and extension muscle is 30°/s to 180°/s, extensor muscle 55.5°-58° is greater than flexor muscle 54.5°- 56.25°, and as the angular velocity increases, the angle of peak torque has a upward trend, and it is the minimum at 30°/s.