毛竹食用菌复合经营模式研究

A Study of Bamboo-Mushroom Agroforestry Management Pattern

利用毛竹林生态环境条件,以竹笋加工废料笋壳为培养基质,进行食用菌生产试验。结果表明,以笋壳作为培养料的平菇、榆黄蘑产量分别为592.59 kg/100 m2、187.50 kg/100 m2,分别占同样条件下以木屑作为培养料所获产量的44.06%和20.15%;以笋壳作为培养料的食用菌生产经历了2潮明显的出菇高峰,时间周期短而集中;而木屑培养料的食用菌则经历了3潮明显的出菇过程,时间周期较长。在产量方面,虽然平菇比榆黄蘑产量高,但榆黄蘑的市场价格较高,因此也值得推广。与木屑相比,笋壳具有生产成本低、生态环保、市场潜力大等优势,具有很高的潜在利用价值。

Two kinds of mushrooms were cultivated and produced in a moso （Phyllostachys edulis） forest in northern Zhejiang province, which used the waste shell of bamboo shoots and other lignocellulosic waste materials as the culture medium. The results showed that the production of oyster mushroom （Pleurotus ostreatus） and golden oyster mushroom （P citrinopileatus） generated from bamboo shoot shells were 592.59 kg/100 m2 and 187.50 kg/100 m2, respictively, which only represented 44.06% and 20.15% of those generated from tree saw dusts. The mushrooms generated with the shoot shell medium presented two obvious fruiting peaks, showing the short but concentrated fruiting periods, while the mushrooms generated with saw dusts medium had 3 evident fruiting peaks, with long period of time. In terms of production, though oyster mushroom had higher production than golden oyster mushroom did, golden oyster mushrooms enjoy a higher market price. Therefore it is worthwhile promoting the cultivation of golden oyster mushroom. Compared with saw dusts, bamboo shoot shells have the advantages in low cost, ecological benefit and large market potentials, so it has the high potential utilization value.