行政法定原则及其法定范围

The Principle of Legally Prescribed Administration and Its Legal Scope

行政法定原则与法律保留原则相关但不相同。前者是对后者的扩展。法律保留原则主要考虑代议机关与行政机关之间的关系;行政法定原则则全面考虑"法与行政"之间的关系,是在"法律保留"的基础上进而提出包括"法规、规章保留"在内的"法的保留"。行政法定原则的核心问题是法定范围。自由权的消极性与社会权的积极性可成为界定行政法定范围的宪法依据。概而言之,干涉自由权之外部侵害行为与干预性给付行为、内部侵害行为与特殊给付行为、给相对人增加义务的程序、组织行为应纳入法定范围,其他行政行为应排除在外。

The principle of legally prescribed administration and the principle of statute reservation are related each other but different. The former extends the latter. The former comprehensively considers the relationship forward the ＂reservation of law＂ such as the ＂ between ＂ law and administration ＂ and puts reservation of laws and regulations＂ on the basis of ＂legal reservation＂. The key issued of the principle of legally prescribed administration is the scope of legality. The negativity of status libertatis and the positivity of social rights can be the constitutional basis of defining the legal scope of administration. Generally speaking, the external infringement on the status libertatis and the interventional activities of payment, the internal infringement and the special activities of payments, the procedure of adding the liabilities to counterparties, and organizational behaviors should be brought into the legal scope, and other administrative behaviors should be excluded.