刑事证明标准中主客观要素的关系

The Relation between Subjective and Objective Elements in Criminal Proof Standard

我国刑事证据法将"排除合理怀疑"引入证明标准之中,是从过去注重外在的、客观化的证明要求走向重视裁判者内心确信程度的重要立法尝试。这种立法尝试既不是对"证据确实、充分"标准的简单解释,也不是要降低我国刑事诉讼中的证明标准,而是从裁判者主观认识的角度重新确立裁判者认定犯罪事实的证明标准。在一定程度上,我国刑事证据法尽管仍然保留了"事实清楚,证据确实、充分"的形式化证明要求,但其内核已经被"排除合理怀疑"标准所取代。

＂Beyond a reasonable doubt＂ introduced into Chinese criminal evidence law is an important legislation attempt to change the old proof request emphasizing external and objectivity into emphasizing the inner conviction degree of judges. This legislation attempt neither is the simple explanation of the standard ＂evidence being irrefutable and sufficient＂, nor lower proof standard of criminal procedure in our country. It is supposed to reestablish proof standard for judges to confirm crime facts from perspective of judges＇ subjective recognition. To some extent, even though Chinese criminal evidence law still keeps the formality proof request, its core has been replaced by ＂beyond a reasonable doubt＂.