亲属作证制度在近代中国的演变及启示

The Evolution of the Relatives Witness System in the Modern China and Its Enlightenment

在众多关于"亲属免予强制出庭作证"的讨论中,通过历史的方法,研究作为亲属作证制度的"元叙事"及其后的流变状况,尤其是该流变可予今天的启示等,无疑可为该制度的研究疏通新的进路。通过自清末至民国有关亲属作证制度立法的梳理,可以明了该制度依存的理论由传统向现代渐进变革的轨迹,以及制度系统自身的新旧犀杂,即趋新的制度与固有的理念之间的交缠。而深究其内在缘由,不难发现,亲属作证制度的演变不仅关涉权利理论自身的演进逻辑,而且,社会结构、国家性质乃至植基于国家与社会之上的相关理念的嬗变,都是促成权利理论及观念渐次变化不可或缺的因素。

In the large number of argues concerning ＂ exempting the relatives from compulsory testifying＂, researching on the ＂meta narrative＂ and its flowing deformation by historical method, especially the enlightenment of flowing deformation, will undoubtedly provide new research way for studying this system. After considering the legislation concerning the system of relatives witness form the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, we can find the contrail of the theories of this system. The careful deliberation makes it clear the evolution of relatives witness system involves the evolutional logic of the theories of right, and the nature of the state, social structure, and the evolution of relevant concepts on the basis of state and society are also the indispensable factors that contribute to the change of the theories and concepts.