汉语词汇化中的词汇语法互补性

On the Complementarity Between Lexis and Grammar in Chinese Nominalization

作为一个多层次的符号系统,语言本身包含意义层(meaning)、形式层(form)和物质层(substance)等三个层次。词汇和语法是构成语言形式层的两大要素。它们之间经常相互影响并产生演变,而这种演变总是与人类的社会交际需求紧密相关的。新事物和新概念的产生,交际形式的文白演变,经济原则在语言交际中的应用,以及我们的祖先对语言韵律的追求,都是词汇化的促成因素。词汇化与语法化是否彼此交织已成为一个值得研究的课题。本文将首先明确名词化的定义,然后归纳汉语词汇化的主要类型,讨论汉语词汇化的形成规律,最后论述汉语词汇化过程中的词汇语法互补机制。

As a multi-layered semiotic system, language is made up of three strata： the stratum of meaning, the stratum of form and the stratum of substance. The stratum of form consists of lexis and grammar. Their mutual influence often results in new lexis or new structures. The process of lexicalization is motivated by the social demand for the expression of new-born things and new concepts, the shifting from the classical style to the vernacular, the application of the economy principle in the verbal communication, and the pursuit of prosody by our forefathers. It has become an important task to find out whether the process of lexicalization and that of grammaticalization are intertwined. This paper attempts to give a workingdefinition to lexicalization, and discusses the major types of Chinese lexicalization, their internal structures and the complementarity between lexis and grammar in the process of Chinese lexicalization.