天津市2-13岁儿童乙肝疫苗查漏补种项目实施及效果评价

Evaluation on the effect of supplementary vaccination on the immunity of children aged 2-13years to hepatitis B vaccine in Tianjin

目的了解天津市2005年2-13岁人群乙肝疫苗查漏补种情况并评价其实施5年后效果,为制定乙肝免疫策略提供科学依据。方法 2005年天津市对2-13岁人群开展了乙肝疫苗的查漏补种工作,同时做了本底血清学监测,5年后对该人群进行抽样,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体（Anti-HBs）、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体（Anti-HBc）。结果本次查漏补种共查出符合补种条件的适龄儿童共451 414人,最终完成全程接种儿童427 552人,接种率达94.71%。血清学监测结果显示,查漏补种5年后该人群抗-HBs阳性率为62.90%,比查漏补种前的43.35%显著提高了45.10%。本次查漏补种预计减少HBsAg携带者4 191人,慢性乙肝1 048人,肝硬化105人,肝癌11人。结论乙肝疫苗查漏补种是巩固和提高乙肝疫苗免疫屏障的重要手段。

Objective To evaluate the effect of supplementary vaccination on the immunity of children aged 2-13years to hepatitis B vaccination in Tianjin,and to provide scientific evidence for formulating the strategies for hepatitis B vaccine on immunization（EPI）. Methods Supplementary vaccination activity of hepatitis B vaccine among children aged 2-13years was carried out in Tianjin in 2005,in which the baseline serological response was recorded.5Years later,blood samples were collected for the detection of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc. Results Out of a total 451 414children who qualified for the supplementary vaccination,427 552 subjects received full vaccination with the coverage rate of 94.71%.The serological survey revealed that the positive rate of anti-HBs increased from 43.35%to 62.90%5years after the supplementary immunization activity.It was estimated that due to the supplementary immunization activity,the number of HBsAg carriers as well as patients with chronic hepatitis B,liver cirrhosis and liver cancer would drop by 4 191,1 048,105and 11,respectively. Conclusions The supplementary vaccination activity of hepatitis B vaccine is critical for maintaining and improving the immune effect of the vaccine in children.