口腔感染病原菌分布及药敏分析

Analysis of distribution and drug susceptibility of oral infection pathogens

目的探讨口腔感染病原菌分布及药敏分析,为感染的预防提供理论指导。方法选择2008年1月-2012年12月39例口腔感染患者作为研究对象,取患者口腔感染部位的分泌物,采用细菌鉴定仪进行病原菌检测及药敏分析。结果 39例口腔感染患者送检的分泌物标本中共检出病原菌80株,其中厌氧菌54株占67.50%,需氧菌26株,占32.50%;主要厌氧菌有黑色素普氏菌、中间普化菌、口腔链球菌,分别占25.00%、17.50%、6.25%;厌氧菌对头孢曲松、四环素、万古霉素的敏感率分别为94.44%,98.15%,98.15%,对头孢唑林、克林霉素、环丙沙星的敏感率分别为51.85%、35.19%、57.41%,对红霉素的敏感性最低,为9.26%。结论口腔感染病原菌以厌氧菌为主,厌氧菌对头孢曲松、四环霉素与万古霉素等高度敏感,而对红霉素的敏感性最差,临床医师对口腔患者感染进行预防治疗时,应根据病原菌分布特点及药敏结果合理采取措施。

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug susceptibility of oral infection pathogens and provide the theoretical guidance for the prevention of infections. METHODS A total of 39＇patients with oral infection from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2012 were selected as research subjects and pathogen detection and drug susceptibility analysis were performed on the oral secretions by the bacteria identification instrument. RESULTS A total of 80 pathogens were detected in oral infection secretions in 39 cases of patients, with 54 cases of anaerobes, accounting for 67.50%; 26 cases of aerobe, accounting for 32.50%. The main types of anaerobes included Melanin prevotella, intermediate generalization bacteria, oral Streptococci, and the proportion was 25. 00%, 17. 50%, 6. 25%. Anaerobic was sensitive to ceftriaxone, tetracycline, and vancomycin, and the sensitivity rates were 94.44%, 98.15%, 98.15%, the sensitivity rates to cefazolin, clindamycin and ciprofloxacin were 51.85%, 35.19% and 57.41%. The sensitivity to erythromycin was the worst, with the rate of 9. 26%. CONCLUSIONS The oral infection pathogens are mainly anaerobes, which are highly sensitive to ceftriaxone, tetracycline and vancomycin, while sensitivity is the worst to erythromycin. The preventive measures should be taken on the base of the characteristics of pathogen distribution and susceptibility results for the prevention and treatment in patients of oral cavity infections by the clinicians.