抗菌药物的临床合理应用分析

Analysis of the rational use of antibacterial agents in clinics

目的研究医院抗菌药物的应用情况，探讨临床抗菌药物不合理应用的原因以及合理应用抗菌药物的原则，使抗感染药更好地服务于临床。方法医院2012年2月-2013年2月共1874例患者应用抗菌药物，分析应用抗菌药物患者的年龄、性别分布，抗菌药物应用的科室、各种类型抗菌药物的应用及抗菌药物的联用及用药方式。结果应用抗菌药物患者男性998例、女性876例，分别占53．26％、46．74％，498例0～12岁患儿应用抗菌药物占26．57％；患者应用抗菌药物呼吸内科472例、呼吸外科293例、泌尿内科267例，分别占25．19％、15．64％、14．25％；应用较多的抗菌药物种类有头孢类500例占26．68％，喹诺酮类285例占15．21％；抗菌药物联用及应用方式以单用与注射为主，分别占88．15％、65．90％。结论临床应合理应用抗菌药物，使抗感染药更好地服务于临床，维护人们的健康。

OBJECTIVE To study the antibacterial agents application in our hospital, to explore the causes of irrational drug use in clinic and study the principle of rational application antibacterial agents, so as to achieve the rational use of antibacterial agents in clinic. METHODS A total of 1874 cases used antibacterial agents in our hospital between Feb. 2012 and Feb. 2013 were chosen, age and sex ratio of patients, departments, various types of antibacterial agents use, and the combined use of antibacterial agents and using ways of antibacterial agents were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 998 cases of male patients used antibacterial agents and 876 cases of female patients, accounting for 53.26%, 46.74% respectively. Children in 0--12 years old were 498 cases, accounting for 26.57%. In department of respiratory medicine, there were 472 cases using antibacterial agents, accounting for 15.19%, 293 cases in respiratory surgery accounting for 15.64%, 267 cases in urinary department of internal medicine accounting for 14. 25%. The main types of antibacterial agents were cephalosporins in 500 cases accounting for 26.68%, 285 cases in quinolones accounting for 15.21%. The main ways of using or combined using of antibacterial agents were use alone and injection, accounting for 88. 15% and 65. 90% respectively. CONCLUSION Antibacterial agents should be rational used in clinic, in order to serve clinic and maintain the health of people.