子宫肌瘤发病危险因素分析

Risk factors of uterine leiomyoma among married women: a case-control study

目的了解已婚女性子宫肌瘤患病相关危险因素，为制订有效防治策略提供依据。方法采用1：1配对病例研究方法，对300例子宫肌瘤患者及300例均衡条件相等的健康人群进行问卷调查，分析子宫肌瘤发病的相关因素。结果单因素分析结果显示，宫颈糜烂（OR=10．414）、盆腔炎（OR：5．205）、月经失调（OR=6．167）、附件炎（OR=12．000）、家庭妇科肿瘤史（OR=4．142）及人均收入低（OR=2．779）是子宫肌瘤发病的危险因素；多因素logisic回归分析结果显示，宫颈糜烂（OR=9．36，95％C1=3．766—28．549）、盆腔炎（OR=5．165，95％CI=1．731—17．503）、月经失调（OR=7．791，95％C1=2．431—27．245）、家庭妇科肿瘤史（OR=3．991,95％=1．239～13．678）为子宫肌瘤发生的主要危险因素。结论子宫肌瘤发生与女性生殖系统长期炎症浸润、宫颈炎、盆腔炎、妇科疾病及家族妇科肿瘤病史有关。

Objective To explore risk factors of uterine leiomyoma among married women and to provide a basis for making preventive strategies for the disease. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 married women diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma selected from outpatients or physical examinees and 300 age- and marital sta- tus-matched healthy women. Logistic regression was adopted in data analyses. Results Univariate analyses demonstrated that cervical erosion（ odds ratio [ OR ] = 10. 414 ）, pelvic inflammation （ OR = 5. 205 ）, emmeniopathy （ OR = 6. 167 ）, adnexitis（ OR = 12. 000）, familial history of gynecological tumor（ OR = 4. 142 ）, and low average individual income （ OR = 2. 779 ）were risk factors of uterine leiomyoma;the results of multivariate logistic regression revealed that cervical erosion （ OR = 9. 36,95 % confidence interval [ 95 % CI ] ： 3.766 - 28. 549 ）, pelvic inflammation （ OR = 5. 165,95 % CI： 1.731 - 17. 503 ）, emmeniopathy （ OR = 7. 791,95 % CI： 2. 431 - 27. 245 ）, and familial history of gynecological tumor （ OR = 3. 991,95% CI： 1. 239 - 13. 678 ） were major risk factors of uterine leiomyoma. Conclusion The incidence of uterine leiomyoma is related to cervical and pelvic inflammation, gynecological diseases and familial history of gyneco- logica tumor and regular screening on gynecological diseases is warranted for the control of uterine leiomyoma among married women.