美日欧发展高新技术产业的比较研究

Comparative Study on Development of High-Tech Industry in USA,Japan and European Union

在全球竞争日益激烈的背景下,美日欧不断调整完善科技创新战略,加强重点领域研发,大力发展高新技术产业,培育新的经济增长点,以便在竞争中占据有利地位。通过从九大方面,包括产业发展战略模式、产业发展重点领域、法律保障、科技管理体制、科技投入、产学研合作模式、政府在科技成果转化和商业化中的作用、技术创新财税支持政策、科技人才政策等,对美日欧发展高新技术产业进行分析和比较,以期了解美日欧在发展高新技术产业中的做法和特点,使我国在发展高新技术产业中有所借鉴。

In the context of increasingly fierce global competition, some developed countries including United States, Japan and European Union states set about to adjust their technological innovation strategies to strengthen research and development in key technology fields, to develop high-tech industries, and to cultivate new economic growth areas in bid to be dominant in the competition. The paper analyzed and compared policies and practices taken by those countries in the development of new industries in the following aspects： industrial development strategy mode, key development areas, legal guarantee, science and technology management system, science and technology investment, the cooperation mode between universities, enterprises, and research institutes, the role of govemment in transfer and commercialization of S＆T achievements, tax policies to support technological innovation, as well as talents policy in science and technology. By comparison, we can get to know features of developed countries＇ high-tech industries development, which is useful for industrial policies making in China.