德国促进中小企业提升研究与创新能力的举措

Germany Takes Measures to Promote the R&D and Innovation Ability of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

中小企业是德国实体经济尤其是制造业竞争力的基础。通过梳理和总结,得出:德国促进中小企业提升研究与创新能力的举措,其核心是为中小企业创新不断提供新的动力和吸引力,消除各种阻碍创新的障碍,让创新获得充分的基础条件和自由发展的空间;其内容主要涉及创新资金支持、创业支持、知识产权保护、政府行政效能提升、创新人才政策、国际研发创新合作等诸多方面。为适应中小企业研究创新活动的特点,德国政府在针对中小企业的研发计划管理方面也有诸多创新,其中最重要的是德国联邦教育研究部实施的"中小企业创新促进计划"和联邦经济技术部实施的"中小企业中心创新计划"。德国所实施的种种举措,对促进中小企业参与国家科研计划取得了显著的成效。

Small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） are the foundation of Germany real economy including manufacturing industry to win a competitive edge. Germany Federal Government has taken measures to promote the R＆D and innovation ability of SMEs, remove the main obstacle to innovation, and offer innovation full basic condition and free development space. The measures mainly include innovation funds support, entrepreneurship support, intellectual property protection, elevation of government administrative ability, support funds for innovation and talents, international R＆D innovation cooperation, etc. In light of characteristics of the innovation activity of SMEs, Germany Federal Government also adopted innovative mode to manage R＆D programs of SMEs, such as the ＂KMU-innovative＂ supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and ＂ZIM-Program＂ supported by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology.